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Rachel Dolezal
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| spouse = Kevin Moore (divorced)
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Rachel Anne Dolezal (also spelled Doležal ;〔 born November 12, 1977) is a civil rights activist and former Africana studies instructor. She was president of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter in Spokane, Washington, from 2014 until June 15, 2015, when she resigned following allegations that she had lied about her racial identity and other aspects of her biography.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=How Rachel Dolezal's Cover as a Black Woman Was Blown : People.com )〕 Though she resigned from the NAACP, the organization released a statement supporting Dolezal.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Rachel Dolezal Resigns As President Of Spokane NAACP )〕 She was chair of Spokane's police ombudsman commission from 2014 until she was dismissed by the city council on June 18, 2015 over "a pattern of misconduct".〔〔 From 2008 to 2010 she was education director at the Human Rights Education Institute in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, before she resigned citing alleged discrimination.〔 As of 2015, she works as a hairdresser.
In June 2015, Dolezal came to media attention when her white parents said publicly that Dolezal is a white woman passing as black. Their statement followed Dolezal's reports to police and local news media that she had been the victim of nine hate crimes.〔〔 Dolezal's critics contend that she has committed cultural appropriation and fraud; Dolezal contends her racial identity is genuine while not based on biology or ancestry. In a November 2015 television interview, Dolezal publicly stated for the first time since the controversy began that she was born white.〔[Lincoln County, Montana, on November 12, 1977, to parents Ruthanne (née Schertel) and Lawrence (Larry) Dolezal, who are white and primarily of Czech, German and Swedish origin.〔〔 Her parents have been married since 1974.〔 She has an older biological brother, Joshua. When she was a teenager, her parents adopted three African-American children and one Haitian child. Dolezal has said she was born and lived in a teepee, recounting hunting their food with bow and arrow. Her mother said she and her husband briefly lived in a teepee in 1974, three years before their daughter was born, and called the claims "totally false".〔 From 2002 to 2006, her parents and adopted siblings lived in South Africa as Christian missionaries. Dolezal said she lived in South Africa as a child, but her family disputes the claim.]
Dolezal was home-schooled via the Christian Liberty Academy CLASS home school program, where she achieved a 4.0 GPA and was one of several co-valedictorians upon graduation in 1996. She was a recipient of a $2,000 scholarship awarded by Tandy Leather for her entry in their 1996 Leather Art contest.〔 At Spokane's 1998 Juneteenth celebration, Dolezal's father told a newspaper reporter he had never heard of the event commemorating the abolition of slavery until she learned of it via an Internet search while looking for a venue to display her art work. Dolezal's family drove three hours from Troy, Montana to display African-American-themed art she created, including collages and mixed-media works.〔
Following the completion of high school, Dolezal attended Belhaven University in Jackson, Mississippi, receiving her bachelor's degree in 2000. After Belhaven, she attended a historically black college, Howard University, in Washington, D.C.. She completed a Master of Fine Arts degree there in 2002.〔 Her parents and brother said that upon applying to Howard, Dolezal was assumed to be black by the admissions office and subsequently received a scholarship from the university. Her younger brother, Ezra Dolezal, stated that "because of her work in African American art, they thought she was a Black student during her application, but they ended up with a White person." Her father said, "eyes were popping and jaws were dropping because they couldn't believe they had given a full scholarship to a white girl", although he stressed that "she didn't pose as black; she just sounded black on the phone". Her thesis at Howard was a series of paintings presented from the perspective of a black man, and sparked a controversy. Dean Tritobia Benjamin, a specialist on black women in the arts, questioned whether Dolezal was qualified as a white woman to tell this type of story.〔 Dolezal said she was taken advantage of sexually by a man when attending Howard University, and that "suing was nearly impossible".〔
Before it was removed from the school's website, Dolezal's Eastern Washington University profile stated she has begun pre-medical studies to "engage in life-saving surgery efforts around the world".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Strange Case of Rachel Dolezal )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=How Did White Rachel Dolezal Convince Everyone She Was Black? )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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